Development and Demonstration of Smoke Plume, Fire Emissions, and Pre- and Post-Prescribed Fire Fuel Models on North Carolina Coastal Plain Forest Ecosystems

Pre-Fire Data Collection

Using OrthoBase RAWS unit collecting data Ladder fuels at ARNWR Unburned, overgrown pocosin Fire-managed pocosin at ARNWR Installing a DataRAM Installing a DataRAM Inventory at the Croatan National Forest Inventory at the Croatan National Forest

Prescribed Fire Operations

Long Shoal River Unit, Alligator River NWR (2/13/2006)

Marsh Master crossing a canal Lighting the test fire Test Fire at Long Shoal Road Aerial veiw of flame front Aerial view of flame front Fire and smoke at Long Shoal River Fire and smoke at Long Shoal River Aerial view of marsh burn Wave patterns in the burned area Smoke plume Satellite

Pungo Unit, Pocosin Lakes NWR (2/16/2006)

Prescribed fire at Pocosin Lakes NWR Prescribed fire at Pocosin Lakes NWR Fire along the fire break Smoke plume from prescribed fire Refuge fire crew defending the fireline EPA research trailer waiting for fire EPA research trailer in the smoke E-BAM unit collecting data Checking the EPA equipment Checking the EPA equipment Research crew in the smoke Reloading the helicopter

Pine Cliffs Unit, Croatan National Forest (2/28/2006)

The EPA trailer at Pine Cliffs Terra torch at Croatan Pine Cliffs The EPA trailer at Pine Cliffs Drifting smoke at the Croatan National Forest Collecting Data USDA Forest Service weather station Patroling the fire line

North Navy Unit, Alligator River National Wildlife Refuge (3/3/2006)

Crossing the canal to light backfire Wetting down the road Fire burning in understory Containing the fire Smoke obscures the line Smoke plume Terra torch lighting a backfire Smoke from North Navy Shrubs torching on Navy Shell Rd

North Navy Unit, Alligator River National Wildlife Refuge (3/4/2006)

Smoke from North Navy Fire at the East Tower Understory fire Aerial view

Haywood Landing, Croatan National Forest (3/23/2006)

Haywood Sign Terra torch Grass fire Collecting data Smoldering Stump

Black Swamp, Croatan National Forest (7/13/2006)

EPA trailer at Black Swamp Understory Fire Understory Fire

Millis Road, Croatan National Forest (7/17/2006)

Shrubs torching Fire supression Flanking fire Flanking fire After flanking fire

Little Fields, Alligator River National Wildlife Refuge / Dare County Bombing Range (7/17/2006)

Shrubs Burning Taking weather Dense smoke Monitoring the burn

Post Fire

Burned Area at the Pungo Unit Aerial view of burned region at the Pungo Unit Post-Fire inventory View of burned region at the Pungo Unit Light burn on the Croatan

Videos

Marsh burn at Long Shoal River 2/13/06 (MPG 3M) Terra torch at Croatan Pine Cliffs 2/28/06 (AVI 28M) Torching shrubs North Navy 3/3/06 (AVI 48M) Hellicopter ignition 3/3/06 (QuickTime 8M)